MIKROBIOLOGI

NGU har prøvetatt og vurdert grunnvannskjemien i de to brønnene ved Lia vassverk i Jøssund. Det ble tidligere påstått at den eldre brønnen gir god vannkvalitet, og den nyere gir dårligere vann med bakterieproblemer. NGUs vurdering har kun dokumentert mindre forskjeller i kjemisk vannkvalitet. Begge brønner gir vann som ikke tilfredstiller offentlige normer når det gjelder pH, alkalitet, kalsium (for lave) jern, fargetall og turbiditet (for høye). Begge brønner bærer preg av det omkringliggende myrmiljøet, og begge brønner er utsatt for innsig av overflatevann. Det foreligger ikke nok data for å si om det mistenkte bakterieproblemet er et reelt problem. Det anbefales videre prøvetaking.

Prøver av metallimmobiliserende bakteriale (MIB) biofilmer, samt andre tilsynelatende uorganiske jernutfellinger er analysert. Biofilmene viser betydelig oppkonsentrering av tungmetaller og enkelte andre elementer (Spesielt Fe, Ti, Al, P, Cu, V, Zr, Be og ZN) i forhold til grunnvannet. Disse metallene forblir bundet i biomassen under rensing med deionisert vann. Dette kan være viktig sett i lys av (i) mulig giftvirkning av residuer fra rehabilitering av tilgrodde grunnvannsbrønner og ledningsnett (ii) mulige metoder for mikrobiologisk behandling av tungmetallforurenset vann.

Fire borehull i granitt på Hvaler, og to grønnsteinsborehull i Trondheim ble prøvepumpet i 1991. Alle ble deretter overvåket for jernbakterievekst vha. suspenderte "slides". Hullene ble prøvepumpet igjen i 1993 for å avgjøre evt. nedgang i kapasitet. Mikroskopundersøkelser av "slides"ene viste mikrobiologisk aktivitet (Gallionella) i tre av Hvaler-hullene, men ellers liten jernbakterie- vekst i det fjerde hullet på Hvaler eller i Trondheimshullene. Prøvepumping i 1993 kunne ikke påvise nedgang i kapasitet; tvert imot regnsvær og aktivisering av gruntliggende sprekkesystemer på Hvaler en økning i ytelse.

This report documents the geochemical and microbiological data on water samples collected during field expeditions during the summers of 1999 and 2000 to the Republic of Khakassia (Russian Federation) in southern Siberia. Data have been obtained from groundwater (boreholes, springs, wells) rivers and lakes and a preliminary interpretation suggests an evolutionary pathway from groundwater to surface waters and lakes involving up-concentration og highly soluble solutes (sodium, sulphate, chloride, boron, magnesium), and removal of silicon and calcium by precipitation of mineral phases. There is also a tendency to elevated pH and alkalinity in surface waters, which has yet to be satisfactorily understood. It is believed that this observation forms the key to understanding hydrochemicaql evolution in the study area and it will be the focus of subsequent interpretation. Mineral samples from lake/marsh areas have been analysed by XRD, which analyses confirm the formation of thin secondary evaporite crusts around lakes, comprising thenardite, calcite, dolomite and halite. In single cases, gypsum and mirabilite were detected. Analyses also suggest that grounwaters in villages have a tendency towards elevated nitrate levels and bacterical counts, possibly resulting from contamination from latrines. Analyses were also made of mine waters from coal mines in the Abakanchernogorsk syncline and from metalliferous mines at Abaza and Vershina Tyei. These mine waters had relatively high pH and low metals contents, due to the buffering nature of ambient groundwater and ore host roch.

This report documents the hydrochemical analyses performed on water samples collected during field expeditions during the summers of 2006 and 2007 to the Republic of Khakassia, Kuznetsk-Alatau Oblast' and Kemerovo Oblast' (Russian Federation) in southern Siberia. Data have been obtained from groundwater (boreholes, wells), rivers, lakes and discharges from abandoned mines and mine wastes.

This report documents the hydrochemical analyses performed on water samples collected during field expedition during the summer of 2010 to the Martaiga gold mining province (Kemerovo Oblast'), the Goryachii Istochnik and Chazhemto spas (based on deep oil exploration wells) in the north of Tomsk Oblast' and various sites in and around the city of Tomsk - all in south-western Siberia. Data have been obtained from groundwater (wells, boreholes and springs), rivers, lakes and discharges from abandoned mines and mine wastes.

This report documents the hydrochemical analyses performed on water samples collected during a field expedition in August 2013 to two former hydrocarbon exploration boreholes (>2 km deep) in the West Siberian artesian megabasin. The sample sites were at Byelii Yar and at Goryachii Istochnik (near Parabel'), both in Tomsk oblast'. In neither case did the boreholes encounter significan hydrocarbon reserves; they currently overflow under artesian pressure at the surface and their geothermal water is used in simple spa resorts. In both cases, the waters are highly reducing; they contain H2S and methane (CH4) as dissolved gases, and they do not contain detectable concentrations of sulphate and nitrate. Both waters are rich in barium (an indicator of sulphate reduction) and strontium (an indicator of long residence time).